Peptide Encyclopedia
Browse our comprehensive database of 98 peptide profiles. Search by name or filter by category, research phase, experience level, and administration route.
5-Amino-1MQ
A small molecule inhibitor of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), an enzyme overexpressed in fat tissue that contributes to obesity and metabolic dysfunction
50–150 mg
~2-4 hours (estimated)
Once daily (oral)
2 routes
Ac-SDKP
A tetrapeptide naturally released from Thymosin Beta-4 by prolyl oligopeptidase
100–400 mcg
~5 minutes (rapidly cleaved by ACE)
1x daily
2 routes
ACE-031
A soluble form of the activin type IIB receptor fused to a human IgG1 Fc domain
0.5–3 mg
10-15 days (Fc fusion extends half-life)
Once every 2 weeks (based on clinical trial dosing)
2 routes
Acetyl Hexapeptide-3
A synthetic hexapeptide that mimics the N-terminal end of SNAP-25, a protein essential for SNARE complex formation and neurotransmitter release
5–10 mg
~3-5 hours (topical activity window)
Twice daily (topical application)
Topi
AHK-Cu
A copper-binding tripeptide structurally related to GHK-Cu but with distinct receptor binding properties
0.5–2 mg
~1-2 hours
Once daily (topical to scalp or skin)
2 routes
Alcohol Prep Pads
Sterile alcohol prep pads saturated with 70% isopropyl alcohol are an essential infection prevention supply for peptide injection protocols
Varies
Unknown
As needed
0 routes
AOD-9604
A modified fragment of human growth hormone (amino acids 177-191) with an added tyrosine at the N-terminus
250–500 mcg
~30 minutes
once daily, fasted
2 routes
ARA-290
An 11-amino acid synthetic peptide derived from the B helix of erythropoietin
2–4 mg
~2 minutes (rapid clearance, prolonged tissue effects)
1x daily
2 routes
Bacteriostatic Water (BAC Water)
Bacteriostatic water (BAC water) is sterile water that contains 0
Varies
Unknown
As needed
0 routes
BPC-157
A pentadecapeptide derived from human gastric juice that accelerates healing of tendons, ligaments, muscles, and the GI tract
250–500 mcg
4 hours (estimated)
1-2x daily
3 routes
BPC-157 (Cognitive Applications)
A 15-amino acid partial sequence of human gastric juice body protection compound
200–500 mcg
~4-6 hours (estimated from animal pharmacokinetic data)
1-2 times daily
2 routes
BPC-157 (Immune)
A pentadecapeptide derived from human gastric juice, primarily known for tissue healing but increasingly recognized for its immunomodulatory properties
250–500 mcg
4 hours (estimated)
1-2x daily
3 routes
Brilacidin
A synthetic small-molecule mimetic of human host defense peptides (defensins)
0.6–1.2 mg
~8 hours
1x daily
3 routes
CagriSema
A fixed-dose combination of cagrilintide (a long-acting amylin analog) and semaglutide (a GLP-1 receptor agonist) being developed by Novo Nordisk
2.4–2.4 mg
~5-7 days (both components)
Once weekly (semaglutide component; cagrilintide 2.4 mg)
Subc
Carnosine
A naturally occurring dipeptide composed of beta-alanine and histidine, found in high concentrations in muscle and brain tissue
500–1000 mg
~9 minutes in plasma (rapidly degraded by carnosinase); tissue levels persist longer
Twice daily (oral)
2 routes
Cerebrolysin
A neuropeptide preparation derived from enzymatic breakdown of purified porcine brain proteins
5–30 mg
~30 minutes (active metabolites persist longer)
1x daily for 10-20 day cycles
2 routes
CJC-1295 (no DAC) / Mod GRF 1-29
A short-acting GHRH analog with four amino acid substitutions that protect it from enzymatic degradation, resulting in a half-life of approximately 30 minutes
100–300 mcg
~30 minutes
1-3 times daily
Subc
CJC-1295 (with DAC)
A modified growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) analog with a Drug Affinity Complex that binds to albumin, extending its half-life to approximately 6-8 days
1000–2000 mcg
6-8 days
1-2 times per week
Subc
Cortagen
A synthetic tetrapeptide bioregulator developed by Professor Vladimir Khavinson at the St
10–50 mcg
Short (minutes as intact peptide; epigenetic effects persist)
once daily
2 routes
Dihexa
A synthetic hexapeptide analog of angiotensin IV, developed at Washington State University
10–40 mg
~6 hours (estimated)
1x daily (oral or intranasal)
2 routes
DSIP
A nonapeptide originally isolated from rabbit brain that promotes deep delta-wave sleep
100–300 mcg
~15 minutes (rapid enzymatic degradation)
1x daily before bed
2 routes
Epitalon
A synthetic tetrapeptide based on the natural peptide epithalamin produced by the pineal gland
5–10 mg
~2-3 hours
Once daily for 10-20 day cycles
2 routes
Epithalon
A synthetic tetrapeptide (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) based on the natural peptide epithalamin produced by the pineal gland
5–10 mg
~2-3 hours
Once daily for 10-20 day cycles
2 routes
FGL(L)
A 15-amino acid synthetic peptide derived from the second fibronectin type III module of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM)
500–2000 mcg
~2-4 hours (estimated from preclinical data)
every 2-3 days
Subc
Follistatin 344
A naturally occurring glycoprotein that acts as a potent inhibitor of myostatin and other TGF-beta superfamily members such as activin
100–300 mcg
Not well characterized; estimated several hours for circulating forms
Once daily for 10-30 days
2 routes
FOXO4-DRI
A D-retro-inverso peptide designed to disrupt the interaction between FOXO4 and p53 in senescent cells
5–20 mg
~12-24 hours (estimated due to D-amino acid stability)
Twice weekly for defined cycles
2 routes
Fragment 176-191
The C-terminal fragment of human growth hormone representing amino acids 176-191
250–500 mcg
15-20 minutes
1-2 times daily, fasted
Subc
GHK-Cu
A naturally occurring copper-binding tripeptide present in human plasma, saliva, and urine
0.5–3 mg
~1-2 hours (injectable); variable topically
Once daily (topical or injection)
2 routes
GHK-Cu
A naturally occurring copper-binding tripeptide known primarily for skin rejuvenation and wound healing
1–3 mg
~1-2 hours (injectable); varies topically
Once daily
2 routes
GHK-Cu
A naturally occurring tripeptide with strong affinity for copper(II) ions
1–3 mg
~1 hour (systemic)
1x daily (injection) or 2x daily (topical)
2 routes
GHRP-2
A synthetic hexapeptide GH secretagogue considered the most potent in the GHRP family
100–300 mcg
15-60 minutes
2-3 times daily
2 routes
GHRP-6
A synthetic hexapeptide that potently stimulates growth hormone release via the ghrelin receptor (GHS-R1a)
100–300 mcg
~15-60 minutes
Once daily before bedtime, or 2-3 times daily
2 routes
GHRP-6
A hexapeptide growth hormone secretagogue that acts on the ghrelin receptor to stimulate potent GH release
100–300 mcg
15-60 minutes
2-3 times daily
Subc
Glutathione
A tripeptide composed of glutamate, cysteine, and glycine — widely recognized as the body's master antioxidant
200–600 mg
~10-15 minutes (IV); intracellular GSH persists for hours
1-3x per week (injectable) or daily (oral/liposomal)
4 routes
Glycine
The simplest amino acid and an inhibitory neurotransmitter that acts at glycine receptors and as a co-agonist at NMDA receptors
3000–5000 mg
~3-4 hours
Once daily, 30-60 minutes before bedtime
Oral
Gonadorelin
A synthetic decapeptide identical to endogenous gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
50–200 mcg
2-4 minutes (IV); ~10-40 minutes (SC)
2-3 times per week (pulsatile protocols vary)
2 routes
Hexarelin
A potent synthetic hexapeptide GH secretagogue and one of the strongest GHRPs available
100–200 mcg
~70 minutes
1-2 times daily
2 routes
Humanin
A 24-amino-acid mitochondrial-derived peptide encoded in the 16S ribosomal RNA gene of mitochondrial DNA
1–5 mg
~30 minutes (native); enhanced analogs (HNG) have longer duration
Once daily or 3-5 times per week
2 routes
IGF-1 DES
A truncated form of IGF-1 lacking the first three N-terminal amino acids (Gly-Pro-Glu)
20–80 mcg
20-30 minutes
Pre-workout or immediately post-workout, bilaterally into target muscle
Intr
IGF-1 LR3
A modified analog of human IGF-1 featuring an arginine substitution at position 3 and a 13-amino-acid N-terminal extension
20–100 mcg
20-30 hours
Once daily, often post-workout on training days
2 routes
IGF-2
The second member of the insulin-like growth factor family, encoded by an imprinted gene primarily expressed from the paternal allele
20–100 mcg
~15 minutes (heavily regulated by IGFBPs and IGF-2R clearance)
Once daily (research dosing, not clinically established)
2 routes
Insulin Syringes
Insulin syringes are the most commonly used syringes for subcutaneous peptide injections
Varies
Unknown
As needed
0 routes
Ipamorelin
A highly selective growth hormone secretagogue that stimulates GH release from the pituitary via the ghrelin receptor (GHS-R1a)
100–300 mcg
~2 hours
Once daily, 30-60 minutes before bedtime
Subc
Ipamorelin
A highly selective growth hormone releasing peptide (GHRP) that stimulates GH release through the ghrelin receptor without significantly affecting cortisol, prolactin, or appetite
100–300 mcg
~2 hours
2-3 times daily
Subc
Kisspeptin-10
A 10-amino acid C-terminal fragment of the kisspeptin family that is a potent agonist of the GPR54 (KISS1R) receptor
1–10 mcg
~4 minutes (IV bolus); ~28 minutes (SC)
single dose or pulsatile infusion in research protocols
2 routes
KPV
A tripeptide fragment from the C-terminus of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH)
200–500 mcg
~30 minutes
1-2x daily
3 routes
KPV
A tripeptide derived from the C-terminal end of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH)
200–500 mcg
~30 minutes
1-2x daily
3 routes
Lenomorelin (Anamorelin)
An orally active ghrelin receptor agonist developed primarily for cancer-related anorexia and cachexia
50–100 mg
7-12 hours
once daily, fasted
Oral
Liraglutide
A GLP-1 receptor agonist and one of the first FDA-approved injectable medications specifically for chronic weight management
0.6–3 mg
~13 hours
Once daily
Subc
LL-37
The only human cathelicidin, a 37-amino acid antimicrobial peptide cleaved from the C-terminus of hCAP-18
50–100 mcg
~4 hours
1x daily or every other day
2 routes
Melanotan I
A synthetic analog of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) that stimulates melanogenesis, producing a natural-looking tan without UV exposure
0.5–1 mg
~30 minutes to 1 hour
Once daily for 7-10 days, then maintenance every 2-3 days
Subc
Melanotan I
A linear synthetic analog of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) with substitutions at positions 4 (norleucine) and 7 (D-phenylalanine) that enhance potency and metabolic stability
500–1000 mcg
~30-50 minutes
once daily during loading, then every 2-3 days
Subc
Melanotan II
A cyclic heptapeptide analog of alpha-MSH that non-selectively activates multiple melanocortin receptors (MC1R-MC5R)
250–500 mcg
~1-2 hours
Once daily during loading, then 1-2 times per week for maintenance
Subc
Melanotan II
A synthetic cyclic heptapeptide analog of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) that activates multiple melanocortin receptors
250–1000 mcg
~1 hour
initially daily for loading, then 1-2 times weekly for maintenance
Subc
MGF
A splice variant of the IGF-1 gene (IGF-1Ec in humans, IGF-1Eb in rodents) that is expressed locally in muscle tissue in response to mechanical overload and damage
100–400 mcg
5-7 minutes (extremely short, rapidly degraded by proteases)
Immediately post-workout, bilaterally into trained muscle groups
Intr
Mixing & Drawing Needles
Mixing and drawing needles are larger-gauge needles (typically 18G-21G) used specifically for reconstituting peptides and drawing solution from vials — not for injection
Varies
Unknown
As needed
0 routes
MK-677 (Ibutamoren)
An orally active, non-peptide growth hormone secretagogue that mimics ghrelin signaling to increase GH and IGF-1 levels
10–25 mg
24 hours
once daily
Oral
MOTS-c
A mitochondrial-derived peptide encoded in the 12S rRNA gene that acts as a metabolic regulator
5–10 mg
~4-6 hours (estimated)
3-5 times per week
2 routes
Myostatin Propeptide
The N-terminal propeptide of myostatin that naturally maintains myostatin in an inactive latent complex
50–200 mcg
Estimated 2-4 hours (short, no Fc fusion)
Once daily (research dosing, not clinically established)
2 routes
NA-Selank
An acetylated analog of Selank with improved metabolic stability and enhanced blood-brain barrier penetration compared to the parent peptide
100–400 mcg
~20-60 minutes (extended over parent Selank)
1-2 times daily
Subc
NA-Semax
An acetylated analog of Semax with enhanced metabolic stability and reportedly greater potency in promoting BDNF expression
100–600 mcg
~20-60 minutes (extended over parent Semax)
1-2 times daily
Subc
NAD+
A critical coenzyme found in every cell of the body, essential for energy metabolism, DNA repair, sirtuin activation, and cellular signaling
50–200 mg
~30-45 minutes (IV); tissue levels persist longer
1-3x per week (subcutaneous) or 250-500 mg IV
4 routes
Oxytocin
A naturally occurring nonapeptide hormone produced in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary
10–40 IU
3-5 minutes (IV); ~20-30 minutes (intranasal, sustained brain effects)
as needed, 30-60 minutes before anticipated activity
2 routes
P21 (Cerebrolysin-derived)
A small synthetic peptide derived from the active region of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), identified through research aimed at creating a drug-like compound that replicates key neurotrophic effects of Cerebrolysin
500–1500 mcg
~2-4 hours (estimated from animal studies)
once daily
Subc
Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4
A lipopeptide consisting of a palmitoyl group attached to the pentapeptide KTTKS, a fragment of type I procollagen
2–8 mg
~4-6 hours (topical bioactivity window)
Twice daily (topical application)
Topi
Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1
A lipopeptide consisting of the GHK (Gly-His-Lys) sequence attached to a palmitoyl fatty acid chain
2–5 mg
~3-5 hours (topical bioactivity window)
Twice daily (topical application)
Topi
PE-22-28
A synthetic heptapeptide derived from the propeptide of the mature form of sortilin
100–500 mcg
~1-2 hours (estimated from preclinical pharmacokinetics)
Once daily
Subc
PEG-MGF
A PEGylated (polyethylene glycol-conjugated) version of Mechano Growth Factor designed to overcome the extremely short half-life of native MGF
100–300 mcg
Several hours (estimated 4-6 hours due to PEGylation)
2-3 times per week, subcutaneous or intramuscular
2 routes
Pentadecapeptide BPC
A stabilized variant of the BPC pentadecapeptide family, designed to improve bioavailability and extend activity
250–500 mcg
4-6 hours (estimated)
1-2x daily
2 routes
Pentosan Polysulfate (PPS)
A semi-synthetic polysulfated xylan derived from beechwood hemicellulose
100–300 mg
~20 hours (oral)
Oral: 3x daily; Injectable: 1x weekly
3 routes
Pinealon
A short bioregulator tripeptide (Glu-Asp-Arg) that specifically targets brain tissue, developed as part of the Khavinson peptide bioregulation program
5–10 mg
~1-2 hours
Once daily for 10-15 day cycles
2 routes
PT-141 (Bremelanotide)
An FDA-approved melanocortin receptor agonist originally derived from Melanotan II, developed specifically for the treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in premenopausal women
500–1750 mcg
~2.7 hours
as needed, at least 45 minutes before anticipated activity
Subc
PTD-DBM
A cell-permeable peptide designed to activate the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway by disrupting the CXXC5-Dishevelled interaction
0.5–2 mg
~2-4 hours (estimated from preclinical data)
Once daily (topical application to scalp)
2 routes
Retatrutide
A novel triple hormone receptor agonist targeting GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptors simultaneously
1–12 mg
~6 days
Once weekly
Subc
Selank
A synthetic analog of the naturally occurring immunomodulatory peptide tuftsin, developed at the Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
250–750 mcg
~3-5 minutes (native); active metabolites persist for several hours
1-3 times daily; evening dose for sleep support
Subc
Selank
A synthetic heptapeptide anxiolytic derived from the endogenous immunomodulatory peptide tuftsin (Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg) with the same Pro-Gly-Pro stabilizing extension used in Semax
150–500 mcg
~several minutes (active metabolites persist 3-5 hours)
1-3 times daily
Subc
Semaglutide
A GLP-1 receptor agonist originally developed for type 2 diabetes that has become the leading FDA-approved medication for chronic weight management
0.25–2.4 mg
~7 days
Once weekly
2 routes
Semax
A synthetic heptapeptide derived from the ACTH(4-10) fragment with a Pro-Gly-Pro (PGP) tripeptide extension at the C-terminus that confers enzymatic stability
200–600 mcg
~3-5 minutes (active metabolites persist longer)
1-3 times daily
Subc
Sermorelin
A 29-amino acid GHRH analog representing the shortest fully functional fragment of native GHRH
200–500 mcg
10-20 minutes
once daily before bed
Subc
Sharps Disposal Container
A sharps disposal container is a rigid, puncture-resistant container specifically designed for the safe disposal of used needles, syringes, and other sharp medical waste
Varies
Unknown
As needed
0 routes
SLU-PP-332
A synthetic small molecule agonist of estrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRγ) developed at Saint Louis University
10–50 mg
~4-6 hours (estimated from animal pharmacokinetic data)
Once daily (research dosing, not established for humans)
2 routes
SNAP-8
A synthetic octapeptide that mimics the N-terminal end of SNAP-25, a key protein in the SNARE complex responsible for neurotransmitter release
3–10 mg
~4-6 hours (topical activity duration)
Twice daily (topical application)
Topi
SS-31 (Elamipretide)
A mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide that selectively concentrates in the inner mitochondrial membrane, binding to cardiolipin to stabilize electron transport chain function
0.25–4 mg
~4 hours
Once daily
2 routes
Sterile Empty Vials
Sterile empty glass vials with rubber stoppers and aluminum crimp seals are used for storing reconstituted peptide solutions or for transferring and combining peptides
Varies
Unknown
As needed
0 routes
Survodutide
A dual glucagon and GLP-1 receptor agonist developed by Boehringer Ingelheim and Zealand Pharma
0.3–6 mg
~5-6 days
Once weekly
Subc
TB-500
A naturally occurring 43-amino acid peptide present in virtually all human cells
2–5 mg
~2 hours
2x per week (loading), 1x per week (maintenance)
2 routes
TB-500 (Immune)
A 43-amino acid peptide ubiquitous in human cells, originally identified in the thymus
2–5 mg
~2 hours
2x per week (loading), 1x per week (maintenance)
2 routes
TB4-FRAG
An active fragment of Thymosin Beta-4 encompassing the actin-binding domain
250–750 mcg
~1 hour
1x daily or every other day
2 routes
Tesamorelin
An FDA-approved GHRH analog indicated for the reduction of excess abdominal fat in HIV-infected patients with lipodystrophy
1000–2000 mcg
26-38 minutes
once daily
Subc
Tesofensine
A triple monoamine reuptake inhibitor originally developed for neurodegenerative diseases that was repurposed for obesity after significant weight loss was observed in clinical trials
0.25–1 mg
~200-300 hours
Once daily (oral)
Oral
Thymalin
A peptide bioregulator derived from the thymus gland, developed by Russian researchers Khavinson and Morozov
5–10 mg
~3-4 hours
Once daily for 5-10 day cycles
2 routes
Thymogen
A synthetic dipeptide (L-glutamyl-L-tryptophan) developed as the minimal active fragment responsible for thymic immunomodulation
100–500 mcg
~20 minutes
1x daily intranasally or 2-3x per week injectable
2 routes
Thymosin Alpha-1
A 28-amino acid peptide originally isolated from thymic tissue by Allan Goldstein in the 1970s
1.6–3.2 mg
~2 hours
2x per week
Subc
Tirzepatide
A first-in-class dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist that has demonstrated superior weight loss compared to other incretin-based therapies
2.5–15 mg
~5 days
Once weekly
Subc
Triptorelin
A synthetic GnRH agonist decapeptide analog with a D-Trp6 substitution that provides greatly enhanced potency and resistance to enzymatic degradation compared to native GnRH
100–200 mcg
~3 hours (immediate release); depot formulations provide sustained release over weeks
single dose or as prescribed (depot formulations monthly/quarterly)
2 routes
Vilon
An ultra-short bioregulator peptide consisting of just two amino acids (lysine-glutamic acid) developed by the Khavinson research group
0.5–1 mg
~30-60 minutes
Once daily for 10-15 day cycles
2 routes
VIP
A 28-amino acid neuropeptide naturally produced in the gut, pancreas, brain, and immune cells
50–200 mcg
~1-2 minutes (plasma); tissue effects persist longer
1-4x daily (intranasal) or 1x daily (subcutaneous)
2 routes
YK-11
A steroidal compound structurally derived from dihydrotestosterone (DHT) that exhibits a dual mechanism: partial agonism at the androgen receptor (SARM-like activity) combined with myostatin inhibition through increased follistatin expression
5–15 mg
6-10 hours (estimated, limited pharmacokinetic data)
Once daily (oral or injectable, split AM/PM by some researchers)
2 routes